
Astringent and stimulant. In large doses emetic. It is useful in diarrhoea, jaundice, scrofula, etc. Externally, the
powdered bark is used as a stimulant to indolent ulcers, though in poultices it should be combined with elm. The decoction
is good as a gargle and injection in chronic inflammation of the throat, leucorrhoea, uterine haemorrhage, etc. It is an excellent
wash for the gums.
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